It is therefore sufficient to conclude that 2D:4D ratio was not associated with better performance in the current study. Usually, males have lower ratios when compared to females. Interestingly, it is constant since birth and not influenced by the adult hormone levels. A previous study investigating the 2D:4D ratio in twins suggests that the ratio is highly heritable, with an esti-mate around 80 (Voracek and Dressler 2007). However, a positive but negative correlation between the sizes of the left and right digits, with academic performance in all subjects in males and two subjects (English and Biology) in females were observed. Ratio of 2D:4D is found to correlate negatively to testosterone and positively to oestrogen in the foetus. with ASD and ADHD had lower 2D:4D ratios in comparison with males with anxiety disorders or typical development. Female students performed significantly better in all the 3 subjects, but there was no correlation between the performance and any of the 3 subjects or their cumulative average with 2D:4D ratio of the right or left hand in the current study. A significantly low 2D:4D (a correlate of high prenatal testosterone and low prenatal oestrogen) was observed in male students compared to females and the differences in digit size measurments between male and female students were also statistically significant (P<0.05). Currently, digit ratios are measured manually. Academic performance of the students was measured from the terminal examinations results in three key subjects (Maths, English and Biology) and these results were obtained from the schools managements. Abstract: 2D:4D digit ratios are used for several health and business related applications. The present study is primarily aimed at investigating the existence of the association between digit ratio (2D:4D) with academic performance of 205 secondary school students (110 males and 95 females) in Kano State, Nigeria. This ratio has been related to prenatal testosterone concentrations and addictive behaviors including problematic video-gaming. This is in contrast to previous studies that have shown an association between 2D:4D ratio and cardiovascular fitness (Ranson et al, 2015). Background and aims The ratio of the second and fourth fingers (2D:4D ratio) is a sexually dimorphic trait, with men tending to have lower values than women. Existing literature and recent research show accumulating evidence on 2D:4D ratio showing correlations with various phenotypic traits in humans. In an attempt to establish a correlation between 2D:4D ratio and resting heart rate, the data in the current study suggests no correlation between 2D:4D ratio and resting heart rate in both males and females. It had been correlated with several psychosocial features. PMCID: PMC5296424 DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/21952.9000 Abstract Digit ratios, especially 2D:4D ratio, a potential proxy marker for prenatal androgen exposure shows sexual dimorphism. This study aims to analyse if parents of people with ASD differ from the general population in several parameters of andro-genisation related to the 2D:4D ratio. The second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), is a sexually dimorphic trait, with males on the average having lower ratios than females 2D:4D.
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